We take demand and click prices from Google Ads: for every city and niche we collect queries through DataForSEO, a service that passes data from Google's Keyword Planner. Similar phrasings of the same intent, for example «dentist near me» and «dental clinic nearby», are merged into groups so the figure reflects real demand rather than a single phrase. That is why we write «at least N»: it is the lower bound of measured queries, and real demand is usually higher. The competition index shows how many advertisers fight for the click: 0 means an almost empty auction, 100 means an overheated one. The number of fellow expats in a city comes from official country statistics: resident registries and censuses, with the source and date stated. How many companies operate nearby is shown by Google Maps. The calculator divides the click price by the share of inquiries per hundred clicks to get the inquiry price: this is a niche estimate from our practice, not a measurement of your business, so only a test campaign confirms the exact figure. All pages are updated once a month. Methodology author: Igor Ivitskiy, a Google Ads specialist since 2006.